{"id":67,"date":"2020-03-19T15:31:25","date_gmt":"2020-03-19T15:31:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cah.ucf.edu\/print-blog\/?p=67"},"modified":"2022-08-04T17:48:23","modified_gmt":"2022-08-04T17:48:23","slug":"henry-haydock-networks-and-support-across-the-atlantic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chdr.cah.ucf.edu\/print-blog\/index.php\/2020\/03\/19\/henry-haydock-networks-and-support-across-the-atlantic\/","title":{"rendered":"Henry Haydock: Networks and Support Across the Atlantic"},"content":{"rendered":"

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William Rebarick, Luke Bohmer<\/strong> \/\/ AMH4112.001 \u2013 The Atlantic World, 1400-1900\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Henry Haydock lived in a turbulent time in American history. While there is little written on the life of Haydock, we can infer a few things about him from his letters to his fellow Quakers across the Atlantic Ocean. We know that Henry and his wife Martha lived in Warrington in Lancashire, England and that he communicated with Phineas Pemberton, a prominent Quaker who moved from England to Pennsylvania in 1683.<\/span>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> We can see from the letters they left behind that the two wrote to each other often and frequently exchanged goods and money between England and Pennsylvania.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Haydock often seems to discuss matters of business with the Pembertons. For example, in one of his letters, he discusses the delivery of certain goods, such as trousers, pickled foods, and slippers, for Phineas\u2019 family.<\/span>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Image 1. In a postscript to their letter, Henry Haydock writes that he has sent Phineas Pemberton 2 pairs of shoes for him, 2 pairs of shoes for Phineas\u2019 wife Phebe Pemberton, and 4 pairs for their children. Henry Haydock and Martha Haydock, [England], to Phineas Pemberton, [Pennsylvania], 1686, vol. 2, pg. 28, Pemberton Family Papers, 1641-1880, 0484A, Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PRINT, 15919, https:\/\/stars.library.ucf.edu\/printmigrationnetwork-pemberton\/384\/.<\/p><\/div>\n

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Image 2. Accounts included in a letter Henry Haydock sent to Phineas Pemberton. Henry Haydock and Martha Haydock, Warrington, Lancashire, England, to Phineas Pemberton, Falls Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, 1686-09-06, vol. 2, pg. 13, Pemberton Family Papers, 1641-1880, 0484A, Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PRINT, 15904, https:\/\/stars.library.ucf.edu\/printmigrationnetwork-pemberton\/142\/.<\/p><\/div>\n

Another letter includes accounts with prices of goods, such as socks.<\/span>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Through this information we can infer that he was running a business with Phineas Pemberton, or at least had a business-like relationship with him across the Atlantic. Networks like these were vital for religious minorities like the Quakers, who used them extensively in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries to trade money, goods, information, and religious support between Europe and North America. These networks were sophisticated and efficient, allowing for reliable communication and mutual assistance for Friends on both sides of the ocean.<\/span>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> Henry Haydock was likely one of the many brokers of information and goods in England who communicated with Pennsylvania Quakers like Phineas Pemberton.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Through his letters, we can also infer that Henry was a religious man. He was a Quaker, whose religious beliefs closely connected him to the Pembertons and whose language reflects his piety. For example, in a letter written in 1686, he spends about 75% of his letter exhorting Phineas.<\/span>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> He greets Phineas by writing \u201cbeloved in the Lord Jesus Christ,\u201d and he reminisces about when they \u201chave sat down together and [in] unity of the one spirit and in the bond of hevenly [heavenly] pece [peace] we have to our [mutual] Joy inioyed [enjoyed] ech [each] other.\u201d<\/span>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> So we can tell that religion played a central role in his life. We can also infer that his wife Martha was very close to him, and that he valued her very much, so much so that when he conducted business correspondence, she was mentioned as an author of the letter. Martha also is brought up subtlety when he and Phineas write and ask about each other\u2019s wives.<\/span>7<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> Quakers, due to the personal nature of their religion and their belief that everyone was equal before God, allowed women a public and active voice in their communities.<\/span>8<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> Many other Protestants saw this dynamic as women overstepping their place, especially on the subject of women preachers. However, many Quaker women occupied religious roles often assigned to men, including preaching to congregations.<\/span>9<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> Martha Haydock actively participated in Henry\u2019s religious networks, as is indicated by her co-authorship of his letters and the existence of at least one letter that she sent Phineas Pemberton herself.<\/span>10<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span> [insert image 2]<\/span><\/p>\n

Henry and Martha Haydock provided a vital service for the Quakers of Pennsylvania. By supplying them with goods, information, and religious exhortation, they assisted their fellow Friends, the Quakers of North America, in establishing new communities away from religious persecution.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  William Rebarick, Luke Bohmer \/\/ AMH4112.001 \u2013 The Atlantic World, 1400-1900\u00a0 Henry Haydock lived in a turbulent time in American history. While there is little written on the life of Haydock, we can infer a few things about him from his letters to his fellow Quakers across the Atlantic Ocean. We know that Henry … Henry Haydock: Networks and Support Across the Atlantic<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-67","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-people","category-themes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chdr.cah.ucf.edu\/print-blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chdr.cah.ucf.edu\/print-blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chdr.cah.ucf.edu\/print-blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chdr.cah.ucf.edu\/print-blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chdr.cah.ucf.edu\/print-blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/chdr.cah.ucf.edu\/print-blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":73,"href":"https:\/\/chdr.cah.ucf.edu\/print-blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67\/revisions\/73"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chdr.cah.ucf.edu\/print-blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chdr.cah.ucf.edu\/print-blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chdr.cah.ucf.edu\/print-blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}